Tungus-Manchu Traditional Beliefs. Part 2: Zoomorphic Complex
Tungus-Manchu Traditional Beliefs. Part 2: Zoomorphic Complex
doi:10.17746/1563-0110.2021.49.4.120-126
T.Y. Sem
Russian Museum of Ethnography, Inzhenernaya 4/1, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russia
This article describes the zoomorphic complex of Tungus-Manchu beliefs reflected in mythology, ritual practices, shamanism, and decorative and applied arts. Those beliefs are regarded as a coherent whole within the cultural system. The typology of the zoomorphic complex shows that the key figures were the serpent-dragon, the deer, the bear, and the tiger. In traditional worldviews and rituals, they were related to cosmogony, ancestor cult, hunting and fishing rituals, healing, and initiation shamanic complexes. The semantics of animal images depended on their place in the cultural system, religious ritual, and artistic communication. Comparative analysis demonstrates both ethno-cultural specificity and universal archetypal characteristics, as well as connection with ancient regional beliefs. The Tungus-Manchu zoomorphic complex originated within the East Asian traditions, having been influenced by cultures such as the Old Chinese, Korean, and Jurchen.
